Axenfeld’s anomaly : It is a progressive disease of autosomal dominant inheritance that exclusively affects the anterior segment of the eye , it consists of a posterior embryotoxon and extensions of Schwalbe’s ring in the iris.
Characteristics
- The fibers of the iris extend through the angle to insert into a prominent Schwalbe ring.
- It is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.
- 50% of these patients develop glaucoma, and it is called Axenfeld syndrome .
- Glaucoma appears most often during childhood or youth, although it can also develop during infancy.
- It is rarely associated with systemic abnormalities.
Diagnostic protocol
1. History : family history.
2. Biomicroscopy of the anterior segment in a slit lamp:
3. Tonometry .
4. Gonioscopy : angles with iridocorneal adhesions.
5. Optical coherence tomography .
6. Ultrasonic biomicroscopy .
Treatment protocol
1. Monitoring of intraocular pressure.
2. No surgical treatment.
Tracing
- Every 6 months to 1 year, with tonometry to perform early surgical treatment of glaucoma.