The characteristics of arcadianism reflect simplicity through the exaltation in nature proposed by arcadians.
In this way, Arctic writers were concerned with demonstrating a simple and peaceful life, far from urban centers.
Origin of Arcadism
Arcadism is a literary school that emerged in Europe in the 18th century during the Industrial Revolution, being influenced by Enlightenment ideals and technological and scientific progress.
Also called eighteenth century or neoclassicism, this literary manifestation is marked by everyday themes, bucolism and the return to classic traditions.
The name of this literary movement is associated with Arcádias, that is, the literary societies of the time. In such a way, the poets met in the arcadias in order to discuss the new literary characteristics of the movement, refuting the ideas of the previous school: the baroque.
Arcadian authors, often considered “false”, sought to distance themselves from the previous literary school, that is, the Baroque, permeated by exaggerations and excesses.
Thus, they used many pseudonyms and, for the most part, these stage names were based on the shepherds of Greek or Latin poetry. This explains the presence of Greco-Roman mythology and pastoralism.
It is important to note that the recurring themes did not correspond with reality and, for this reason, the Arcadian writers are considered “poetic pretenders”.
In Brazil, Arcadism has as its starting point the publication of “ Obras Poéticas ”, by Cláudio Manuel da Costa , in 1768. In Portugal, arcadism begins in 1756 with the foundation of Arcádia Lusitânia in the country’s capital: Lisbon.
Main features
- Opposition to the Baroque
- Illuminist Inspiration
- Balance and the pursuit of perfection
- Rationalism, bucolism and pastoralism
- Resumption of classical values (Greco-Roman)
- Idealization of women
- Human purity and ingenuity
- Simple and objective language
- Mythological figures
- Use of pseudonyms (poetic pretense)
- Preference for sonnets
- Everyday theme
- Nature values