It is an island and city located in the state of Johor on the peninsula of Malaysia and in the north of the Riau islands of Indonesia , separated from the estates by a stretch. With 707.1 km², it is the smallest country in Southeast Asia . Singapore is the most important financial center in the world, and it plays a very important role in international trade and the world economy. Besides, this is the second country with the highest population density in the world, after Monaco .
History
The island, which was previously called “Temasek”, was named “Singapura” in the XIV sigil by Prince Parameswara . In 1819 , the British Thomas Stamford Raffles took control of the city to face the commercial domination of the Dutch in the region. In 1826 , Singapur , Penang and Malacca constituted the colonies of the stretches, as territories dependent on the British government. During her World War II , from del 15 de febrero de 1942 la isla bajo cayó dominio del Imperio Japonés, who attacked it from the land approving that the defenses of the city were oriented towards the sea, being the greatest British humiliation suffered in the war, but that was not only a military defeat, but also a hard blow to the occidental domination in all over Asia . In 1959 , the Federation of Malaysia was elected Prime Minister. His party, the Acción del Pueblo Party (People’s Action Party), then proposes integration with Lee Kuan Yew, as it can be done in September 1963 . A little later, in 1964 , the differences were manifested and the section of the Republic of Singapore was agreed, which was proclaimed on August 9 , 1965 .
Geography
Singapur is located between Malaysia , bordering the north, and Indonesia to the south. This island is connected to the Malaya peninsula by the puentes. The first will lead to the town of Johor Bahru in Malaysia. Second, more west, it also connects with Johor Bahru in the barrios of the region of Tuas.
Geography
Singapur is located between Malaysia , bordering the north, and Indonesia to the south. This island is connected to the Malaya peninsula by the puentes. The first will lead to the town of Johor Bahru in Malaysia. Second, more west, it also connects with Johor Bahru in the barrios of the region of Tuas
Physical geography
The size of Singapur is around 3.5 times larger than Washington DC the site is larger than the size of intramural Paris . The largest part of Singapur is less than 15 meters above sea level. The tallest point is the Bukit Timah , 164 meters high (538 feet), and is formed by igneous rocks and granite. The northwest is composed mainly of sedimentary rocks forming hills and valleys. Singapur does not have any natural lake, but there are embalms to maintain the water. Singapur has tierras earned at sea, from its own hills, from sea bottoms, and from country countries. The surface was 581 km² in the 1960s 699 km² today, and it could grow in 100 km² until 2030.
Urban Geography
In the first times of British colonization by the British, the city of Singapur was located on the coast , around the mouth of the Singapore River . This region is now the center of Singapore’s city. The rest of the island was made up of farms, fields and forests. The government built a lot in the 1960s and today the island is completely urbanized, with some notable exceptions, among them the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve and the tierras won at sea, (polders), who are waiting for see your development. However, the majority of urban developments and urban developments are located in the central area, where the financial and commercial districts are located, near the port of Singapur.
The Urban Development Authority is concerned with planning the island: it is about using the land more efficiently and at the same time minimizing contamination while maintaining the quality of transport, an important thing due to its position as city-state . The truck has caused environmental problems, including the accumulation of science in the Johor stretch . This is different to Malaysia : Singapore refuses to replenish the footwear (a suggestion from Malayos), and Malaysia has proposed a semi-puente, which would unite in the middle of Estrecho con la carretera.
As Singapore does not have lakes or rivers, the main source of drinking water is the river. As it is not enough to satisfy the demand of the population of Singapore, the city-state imports most of its waters from Malaysia and Indonesia. To reduce their dependence on imports, the Singapore authorities have built embalmers to recover rainwater, as well as water purification facilities. There is also a desalination plant on the western coast of Tuas. As it is believed that it will finally be in a position to provide the island with drinking water.
Climate
Singapur is just behind the north of Ecuador . The climate is so much of the tropical jungle according to the Köppen classification . There are not really marked parks. Due to its geographical position, its proximity to the sea, the climate is characterized by a temperature and a uniform pressure, a great humidity and torrential rains. The average precipitation is 2370 mm. La mayor precipitación daily that if there ever noticed there was 512 mm en 1978 , 467mm en 1969 y 366mm en 19 de diciembre de 2006 .
The temperatures range between 23 and 26 ° C (minimum) and 31 to 34 ° C (maximum). The temperature never falls below 18.4 ° C or above 37.8 ° C in the recorded data. Relative humidity fluctuates between 100% for the man and 60% for the average late. Due to the abundant rains the water relative to the water often reaches 100%. Generally speaking, there are more rivers in the west than in the east of Singapore, so that the eastern part is somewhat drier and slightly warmer than the west. Therefore, there is a slight variation between the parts. These are notable, since even a small hill, as the Bukit Timah could cause this phenomenon and, despite its size, it could be sunny on one side when it lit on the other side.
Another contrast is due to the rainy season, of the year. The first of them, the monsoon del noreste, takes place from diciembre to medeiros de febrero. The second, the monsoon del sureste, has a place from june to september. The periods between the monzones are less humid and less windy. During the northeastern monsoon, the dominant winds in the northeastern region, up to 20 km / h. Very cloudy from the beginning and with frequent rains in the afternoon. Between febrero and marzo, the weather is relatively dry. Also there is the wind, claiming to be between 30 and 40 km / h in energy and heat. During the monsoon of the southeast the eastern and western regions were dominant. There are scattered rains in the last hours of the morning and the first hours of the afternoon.
Policy
The Singapore Constitution is inspired by English parliamentarism. Members of the single parliamentary chamber representing the different electoral districts. The majority of the executive power meets in the hands of the Cabinet, led by the Prime Minister, currently Lee Hsien Loong. Even the Presidency of Singapore has a symbolic role, if the President has given the right to veto certain matters, such as the use of financial reserves and the nomination of the judges. The legislative body of the Government is the Parliament. The parliamentarians have a stake in the community and the government and ensure that the views of their constituents are considered in the parliament. The current Parliament has 94 members, out of which 84 are elected, even one nominee and one nominee in the electoral district.
Even the country has minority parties, such as the Workers’ Party, the Singapore Democratic Party and the Singapore Democratic Alliance, the People’s Action Party, the People’s Action Party has dominated the country’s politics since independence. The Economist Intelligence Unit qualifies the government system of “a hybrid regime” that takes care of democratic and authoritarian traits. La Freedom House qualifies Singapur as “partially free”.
Lee Kuan Yew , considered the father of the country , was the only prime minister since 1959 until 1990 , when he voluntarily decided to leave his post to give way to the next generation of politicians. When Goh Chok Tong took over as prime minister, I created a ministry without charge for Lee Kuan Yew and the senior minister. Later, Goh Chok Tong took a similar decision and decided to leave the post of the relevant generation, in 2004 , Lee Hsien Loong, Kuan Yew’s son, assumed the post of prime minister; in that moment his father was called Senior Minister to Mentor Minister, and Goh Chok Tong was to be Senior Minister.
Economic development
Singapur has a free , thriving market economy , characterized by an open environment. They have stable prices and one of the highest GDP per capita in the world. Together with Hong Kong, South Korea and Taiwan , Singapore is considered one of the “ four Asian trigres ”.
The economy depends mainly on exports and import refinement, particularly in the electronic and industrial sectors. The manufacturing sector constituted 26% of the country’s GDP in 2005 and has diversified into the sectors of chemistry, oil refining, mechanical engineering and biomedical sciences , among others. Specifically, the largest oil refinery in Asia is located in Singapore.
Singapur is responsible for the maritime port that handles the largest volume of annual cargo, both in tonnage and in the number of containers in the world. Likewise, the country is an important international financial center and has the largest foreign exchange market in the world, behind London , New York and Tokyo . Furthermore, Singapore’s economy is considered to be one of the world’s worst economies, as thousands of expatriates in the country are working in multinational companies.
In 2001 the global recession and the fall of the technological sector significantly affected the economy of the country (GDP cayó a 2%).
Tourism
Singapore is a popular tourist destination, so tourism is one of the biggest economic sectors in the country. Approximately 7.8 million tourists visited the country in 2006 and this figure rose to 10.2 million in 2007 .
The Orchard Road shopping district is one of the most famous attractions that Singapore offers. To atraer the bad visitors, el gobierno en 2005 decidió legalize el juego y allow them to construyeran of casinos the integrated tourist centers en la zona Marina South y la isla de Sentosa. To compete with regional rivals like Bangkok , Hong Kong, Tokyo and Shanghai , the government gives permission to use lights on the facades of public and private buildings so that the central area will become a more exciting place. Likewise, food has been promoted as an element of Singapore’s attraction, which is why the Singapore Food Festival is organized every July.
The country’s reputation as a center for medical tourism has increased in recent years. 200,000 foreigners visit Singapur al año to get medical attention. It is estimated that a million tourists will visit the country for the same reason in 2012 , creating in turn 13,000 new jobs. Ranking and World Competitiveness Index 2010 prepared by the Escuela de Negocios Suiza: Institute for Management Development (IMD), in its 2010 edition places this nation as the most competitive one above Honkong and the United States, respectively.