Qatar, also called Qatar, is a country in the Middle East. Officially it is known as an emirate, being, therefore, a territory governed by an emir (title of nobility equivalent to prince in the West).

It is one of the richest countries in the world, with the Al Thani family in power, reigning dynasty since 1825. The country’s government is a constitutional monarchy and at the same time an absolutist monarchy .

The official language in the country is Arabic, and English is the second dominant language. The predominant religion in Qatar is Islam , but there are also Christians, Hindus and Buddhists.

Qatar is located in Western Asia , being a peninsula (an area of land surrounded by water on almost all sides) that covers an area of 11,610 km ² to the north of the Persian Gulf, bordering Saudi Arabia and separated from the country Bahrain by the gulf.

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QATAR

Qatar or Qatar is an emirate located in the Middle East. Qatar is considered a country with one of the largest economies on the planet.

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History

Due to military pressure and also to political issues, Qatar, in 1871, belonged to the Ottoman domain. The disorder established in the Ottoman Empire, after losing battles in the First World War, led to a decrease in Ottoman rule in the Qatar region.

The Al Thani family gained the right of their successors to rule the country, granted by the United Kingdom and the Ottoman Empire. With its division, Qatar became a British protectorate in 1916. The country’s independence from the United Kingdom occurred in 1971, then becoming a Sovereign State .

In the country, political parties are prohibited and there is no independent legislature. Another issue pertinent to the country is the parliamentary elections, which were not established, being postponed indefinitely.

Economy

The biggest boost to the Qatari economy is oil, with its huge reserves. In 1974, Qatar Petroleum took over the exploitation of fossil fuel, radically changing the country’s economy, which previously had no great wealth record. Before the exploitation of oil, Qatar had as an economic source fishing and pearl extraction.

Currently, it is one of the richest countries in the world and, according to the Global Competitiveness Report, it is one of the nations with the lowest tax burden in the world . The economy is based, especially, on the export of oil and natural gas, which together represent around 50% of the country’s Gross Domestic Product .

According to the Observatory of Economic Complexity, Qatar has a balance commercial positive with a balance of US $ 30.7 billion. This is because there are more exports than imports. The main products exported are petroleum, refined petroleum and ethylene polymers. The most significant imports are airplanes, cars, helicopters and gas turbines.

The countries to which Qatar exports the most are:

South Korea
Japan
India
China
Singapore

The countries from which Qatar matters most are:

United Kingdom
France
Germany
China

In 2017, the country exported around US $ 52.3 billion. Imports represented a total of US $ 21.6 billion in the same year.

Doha (capital of Qatar)

The capital of Qatar is the city of Doha. It is known mainly for the monumental constructions that inspire a lot of technological development and investment in infrastructure. The capital concentrates more than half of the country’s population, with almost 1.5 million inhabitants. The district with the highest density in the city is Al Najada.

The city was founded in 1820 and declared the country’s capital in 1971, when the emirate became independent. It is located in the eastern part of the country and is bordered by the Persian Gulf. Many events have already been held in the capital, such as the 2006 Asian Games, several Asian Cup games and the 2011 Pan-Arab Games.

The so-called “City of Education” is located in Doha , an initiative of the Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Humanitarian Development, developed in 1997. This area aims to encourage research and education, with several university centers and research centers.

Geography

Qatar is located on a region of arid plain with the presence of dunes in several regions. Due to its location, the climate in the country is desert, which explains its high temperatures that vary throughout the year between 14ºC and 45 C.

The summers are long and feature high temperatures between the months of May and September. Usually, the highest temperatures are recorded in the month of July. Between December and March, temperatures fall, with an average of 26ºC.

Air humidity is low, as well as rainfall, which is scarce in the summer. The rains usually occur during the transition to the cooler season.

Population

Qatar has approximately 2,743,901 inhabitants. Most of this population is made up of foreigners, about 75%. In 2013, just over 280,000 inhabitants were citizens of the country.

Indians represent the largest foreign community in the country. There are also Nepalese, Filipinos, Pakistanis and other nationalities. The government is expected to reach 2.8 million inhabitants by 2020.

Most of Qatar’s population is urban. Approximately 90% of the inhabitants live in urbanized areas. The country has good human development indexes, as measured by the Human Development Index (HDI) , for example. The country has an HDI of 0.856, considered high.

Qatar at the World Cup

The World Cup will be held in Qatar in 2022.

Qatar will host the Cup of the World to be held in 2022. However, the right to become headquarters granted by FIFA, involved numerous controversies. Accusations of denunciations and corruption permeated this decision, since the country was accused of paying FIFA an amount so that it could host the tournament.

The country’s geographic issues meant that significant changes were made to the event in Qatar. Due to the desert climate and the temperatures that reach more than 40ºC, in the period in which the games usually take place, it was decided that the Cup will be held between the months of November and December , when the temperatures are milder.

Selection of Qatar

With very little representation, Qatar does not have a team with a tradition in football. There are no players known to the world and no world titles in the Qatar national team.

The selection became known in early 2019, with the victory in the Asian Cup against the Selection of Japan. This title was the subject of great celebrations in the country and also resulted in the invitation of Qatar to the Copa America based in Brazil in June. 2019.

The richest country in the world is Qatar?

We can say that Qatar is the richest country in the world , when one takes into account the product domestic gross divided by the number of inhabitants, known as income per capita. The country has a per capita income of approximately US $ 124 thousand and a GDP of US $ 166 billion in the year 2017.

Curiosities about Qatar

There are some curiosities and information you need to know about Qatar, for example:

Did you know that about 800 Brazilians live in Qatar ? Brazilians are part of the foreigners that make up the country’s population.
There is no visa requirement for Brazilians who wish to visit Qatar, so if you want to visit the country and watch the World Cup, plan ahead.
It is good to know that in the country the use of western dress is allowed, but with restrictions. It is necessary to avoid wearing clothes that show the body too much.
Alcohol consumption is only allowed for Muslims and in private places.
The country’s time zone is 6 hours ahead of Brasilia time.

All About Qatar

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